{"id":1032,"date":"2023-03-01T14:02:30","date_gmt":"2023-03-01T14:02:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.systemiq.earth\/reports\/?page_id=1032"},"modified":"2023-04-05T14:39:04","modified_gmt":"2023-04-05T13:39:04","slug":"weee","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.systemiq.earth\/reports\/achieving-circularity\/for-durable-plastics\/chapter-2\/weee\/","title":{"rendered":"Electricals & Electronics"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” bg_image=”1037″ bg_position=”left bottom” background_image_loading=”default” bg_repeat=”no-repeat” scene_position=”center” mouse_sensitivity=”5″ text_color=”custom” custom_text_color=”#ffffff” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” class=”weee” color_overlay=”#3e8ba5″ overlay_strength=”0.8″ 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row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/2″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”]
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Summary<\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=”50px” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” bottom_padding=”4%” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]Global demand for electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) has risen rapidly over the last century and Norway is no exception, with a 15% growth in demand in the last decade alone. Given the sector\u2019s dependency on plastics, this has led to rapid growth in plastic consumption and waste generation, making Waste from Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) the 4th largest source of plastic waste in Norway.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]While WEEE recycling rates are high compared to most other sectors, the system remains predominantly linear, with over 20% of WEEE unaccounted for at end-of-life15<\/sup>. WEEE is also responsible for the largest share of plastic left in nature as a result of industrial cables often being left underground. Currently, ~30% of WEEE plastics is recycled annually through a well-functioning network of WEEE collection centres and recycling facilities. However, less than 1% of WEEE is recovered for reuse, despite significant potential for repair and refurbishment.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]To achieve higher levels of circularity, leakage of waste must be reduced by maximising formal collection, with a particular focus on reuse; adopting design for recycling principles to reduce and standardise the types of polymers and simplify the sorting process; and directing investment towards scaling innovative sorting technologies that yield higher recovery rates.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=”50px” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” top_padding=”4%” constrain_group_1=”yes” bottom_padding=”4%” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]Through the application of these levers, this sector can reach ~87% circularitym<\/sup> by 2040, and reduce virgin plastic consumption by ~39,000 tonnes (58%). At the same time, these circularity levers can reduce annual GHG emissions related to plastics in the sector by 63%, from 202,000 tonnes of CO2<\/sub>eq today to 75,000 tonnes by 2040 (Exhibit 16).[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]k<\/sup> Circularity as a % of annual demand for plastic utility corrected for net addition to stock.<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”2\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][divider line_type=”Full Width Line” line_thickness=”1″ divider_color=”black” animate=”yes” custom_height=”1″][vc_column_text]EXHIBIT 16[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1677671522297{margin-bottom: 20px !important;}”]\n

Potential outcomes of implementing a System Change Scenario\u200b<\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=”Full Width Line” line_thickness=”1″ divider_color=”black” animate=”yes” custom_height=”1″][image_with_animation image_url=”1299″ image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”None” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][divider line_type=”Full Width Line” line_thickness=”1″ divider_color=”black” animate=”yes” custom_height=”1″][vc_column_text]* Circularity as a % of annual demand for plastic utility corrected for net addition to stock\u200b
\n** Excluding production as majority takes place outside Norway\u200b<\/span>[\/vc_column_text][image_with_animation image_url=”1041″ image_size=”full” animation_type=”entrance” animation=”None” animation_movement_type=”transform_y” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”lazy-load” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” top_padding=”4%” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]\n

Baseline:<\/h3>\n

Lack of control at end-of-life<\/h4>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=”50px” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” bottom_padding=”7%” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” class=”greybottom” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]The EEE sector is highly diverse, with products ranging from consumer-facing electronics like mobile phones and TVs, to large industrial cables installed underground. The challenges faced are unique to each product category and solutions must be tailored to meet the specific needs of different product groups.<\/p>\n

This sector is the 3rd largest consumer of plastics in Norway, at ~71,000 tonnes in 2020, and is the 4th largest source of plastic waste, accounting for ~38,000 tonnes of waste.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]The inappropriate handling and treatment of WEEE represents a serious environmental, social, and economic threat. There have been a number of regulatory attempts to alleviate these challenges, including the European WEEE Directive, introduced in 2003 and revised in 2012 with the aim of maximising the recovery of valuable resources through reuse and recycling, and reducing environmental impacts caused by inappropriate treatment, littering and leakage into nature.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]The inappropriate handling and treatment of WEEE represents a serious environmental, social, and economic threat. There have been a number of regulatory attempts to alleviate these challenges, including the European WEEE Directive, introduced in 2003 and revised in 2012 with the aim of maximising the recovery of valuable resources through reuse and recycling, and reducing environmental impacts caused by inappropriate treatment, littering and leakage into nature.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_row_inner column_margin=”50px” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” top_padding=”4%” constrain_group_1=”yes” bottom_padding=”4%” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” class=”greybottom” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]The Directive requires each country to collect 85% of waste generated at dedicated collection facilities (or 65% of put on market volumes). According to a recent study by the United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR)16<\/a><\/sup>, Norway separately collects around 70%-80% of its WEEE. It is therefore non-compliantn<\/sup> with the Directive, but is nevertheless one of the leading European countries in terms of WEEE collection. However, this means that 20%-30% of WEEE is not collected via the formal system, representing a leakage in the system and reducing the probability of material recovery.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]The main reasons for leakage are:<\/p>\n